Specification

Specifications define and form the foundation of the product and are created early and are continually refined during the product development process. They may include marketing requirements documents, functional performance and engineering performance specifications, test procedures and protocols and tooling / manufacturing protocols and processes.

functional specifications
Whether a marketing or product specification, the ability to define a product through qualitive and quantitive values is paramount in order to communicate and define the design intent. Specifications help us gain an understanding of the feasibility of the product and are used in the development process to ensure the users needs and product quality are met.

calculations and numerical analysis
Some features of products are derived through numerical analysis.  They are the documents that translate the sometimes abstract upfront requirements into quantifiable data leading to full product definition. All specification documents are dynamic and may change throughout the product development cycle.